Talk in a Panel Discussion in ReThink 2024

This is definitely one of the most wonderful Expos and sessions I have ever attended featuring the green transformation. Thanks to the coordination of my colleagues in Hong Kong, I participated in a panel discussion featuring “Unlocking the Potential of a Sustainable Blue Economy” (SBE) in Sustainable Business Forum (“ReThink”), on Sept. 13th in Hong Kong Convention Centre.

Mr. Alistair Monument, our conservation director of Asia Pacific acted as the moderator. I took three questions during the panel and clearly expressed our advocacies and some of my thinking toward this idea.

To the first question, I introduced two of our on-going work, ocean accounting in the Greater Bay Area and the China Blue Taxonomy. The former should be finalized next month. I introduced the latter as 8 sectors for SBE, 5 aspect for each industrial sector, and 3 years to develop and review. I have been talking about this for many times in many occasions.

For the second question on what should we do to fill the gap of SBE, I mentioned three ways.
Awareness raising. For the first time, I summarize the core value of SBE into the three key words – S-B-E. Sustainable, or the profit in a long-term investment, lies in the welfare of local community and human benefits in a whole. Blue represents positive impact on ocean ecosystem, at least not negative. Economy recognizes the necessity for development, but should take into account of renewable energy of green criteria.
Top down. As many financial institutes in mainland China are state owned, it is crucial to convince the policy makers and supervisory departments to issue favorable policies or standards, even they might be voluntary. Some banking staff may already be ready to innovate and transform. Such policies and guidance will enable that once they want to make any change, their supervisors won’t say no.
Bottom up. There is a mismatch between conservationists like us and investors. We conservationists are the ones that know nature, but most of us are just unable to translate our work to messages that investors can understand. Some investors already realized the need of sustainability, but their expertise on revenue models or balance sheets does not help. So we are trying to develop tools to fill in the gap, one example is the sustainable fishery inventory we are developing.

The third question was about the opportunities that Hong Kong could make use of for developing SBE. I saw HK’s strength as the combination of a well-established marine industry, full elements of finance (trading house and free markets), and knowledgeable investors. Therefore, HK could be a laboratory for SBE. When we develop standards or mechanisms, we may TestFlight here. And the market may tell us what works and what not.

I was quite encouraged, that after our session, several professional audience approached me and told me that what I said was especially helpful. And of course, I do hope some of the audience would appreciate our efforts and support us in the future, either by following our advocacies or fund us for future development of SBE.

The main pity was that our panel is disastrously gender unbalanced, as all five on the stage were male. Fortunately, the opening remarks and most keynote speeches were made by female speakers.

(2024) Net Zero & Nature Positive Theatre (Keynote)

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在深圳市绿色金融与ESG发展实践研修班中的分享

9月12日,我参加了深圳市绿色金融协会举办的深圳市绿色金融与ESG发展实践研修班,为50多名金融从业人员介绍可持续蓝色经济,分享我们机构对此的进展,并呼吁更多机构能够采纳我们的倡导。

这次介绍长两个半小时。我花了两整个周末来思考和准备了一份100多页的PPT。通过这次准备,我也系统梳理了我们机构过去近十年来在全球和在中国所发起、倡导、推广的各项研究和立场,它们之间的逻辑关系,以及金融机构可以参与的切入点。过程中细读或者重读了我们的一些报告,其实也是个重要的温习过程。

由于听众是金融机构,我在会上花了一半的时间介绍海洋的生态系统服务可以货币化,以及解释和当下海洋所面临的全球挑战,还推荐我们机构在全球所发起的可持续蓝色经济金融原则,以及中国所做的一些工具。这个金融原则是金融机构可以入手的基础,我也很期待会后有机构能够联系我并加入。

于我而言,日常工作其实大多都是预算、流程、报告、合同,只有晚上能够静下心来阅读和撰写有技术要求的文件。我重视这些参会和发言的机会,当然首先因为它能帮助我们传达我们要倡导的那些观点,但其实同样重要的,是能准备的时候高效思考,到底以什么样的方法,把什么样的信息传递给什么样的人。这些内容不是光读完自己机构的报告能实现的,而是真真切切需要通过多次与听众互动和交流才能理解。而理解听众的需求,其实也更有利于明确未来到底应该做什么样的工作。

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在《世界会客厅:电商平台减塑探索与创新实践》的致辞

2024年8月30日,澎湃新闻播送了《世界会客厅:电商平台减塑探索与创新实践》。我们希望能通过这样的介绍和对谈,让电商平台理解减塑的重要性和可能性,进而在全国的多项政策和全球的公约中逐步采取行动。

以下是我的发言。

塑料污染治理已成为全球关注的焦点。根据联合国环境大会2022年的决议,全球期望于2024年达成一项具有法律约束力的塑料污染治理协议。目前,该条约的谈判进程如火如荼,计划中的五次谈判已进行了四次,最后一次正式的谈判将于11月底举行。WWF国际网络自始至终参与了这项谈判,倡导高雄心的减塑目标,为谈判提供了政策研究并指明技术路径,还与包括中国在内的多个国家保持着良好的沟通。
与此同时,相信在座的各位和屏幕前的网友对于电商都不陌生。中国线上零售业在国民经济中的地位日益重要。根据商务部发布的数据,2023年,中国网上零售额超15万亿元,增长11%,连续11年成为全球第一大网络零售市场。其中,实物商品网络零售额占社会消费品零售总额比重增至27.6%。线上零售业带来的直接影响,便是快递数量的增长,国家邮政局统计数据显示,2023年,中国累计完成快递业务量1321亿件,同比增长19.4%。快递和外卖包装中一次性塑料的使用与弃置数量也随之增长。据新华社所援引的研究表明,中国快递业每年消耗塑料约180万吨。
WWF观察到,政府部门早已意识到了这个情况,并正在通过各类方法尝试规范并改善塑料污染治理。2023年6月20日正式实施的《商务领域经营者使用、报告一次性塑料制品管理办法》明确要求,电子商务平台企业 需向商务主管部门 报告一次性塑料制品的使用及回收情况,报告内容包括制定和鼓励平台内经营者减塑的规则以及平台内经营者的减量成效。我们相信,包括这项措施在内的诸多要求,将会成为中国减少塑料污染努力的重要基础。
刚才提到,塑料公约即将在11月底举办最后一次谈判。而在这次谈判前,将在8月下旬在曼谷进行全球专家组的特别会议,专门讨论技术和资金问题。WWF预计,包括生产者责任延伸制度(EPR)在内的资金机制会被谈及。澎湃网友们可能也注意到,我们自去年起就与澎湃新闻一同探讨了外卖包装和食品饮料包装的减塑方向,并探讨实施EPR的可能性。我们也希望,今天针对电商平台的讨论,一方面能启发各个利益相关方思考减少塑料污染的路径,另一方面也能有助于探讨 相应的引导方式和规范制度。
此外,我们清楚地知道,电商平台的减塑,需要快递企业、消费者、管理部门的共同努力。因此,除了电商自身的合规要求和志愿努力以外,社会组织就应该扮演重要的协调角色,在不同的社会部门之间探索解决方案。
同样重要的是,在坐的所有人和收看此次活动的网友都是电商的消费者,我们更应该思考如何在日常消费中积极践行和配合减塑行动,为减少塑料污染贡献自己力量。

链接:
https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_28539739

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Connection with CGTN on Nationa Ecology Day

It is the 2nd National Ecology Day today, Aug. 15th. I am connected to CGTN to talk about our opinions on China’s high-quality development in ocean-related economy. Here is what I said:

Q1:
Under the recently released guidelines to promote the green transition, how do you think China can better achieve sustainable and high-quality development in its marine economy?

Sustainable blue economy is a subset of green economy, therefore, many articles in these guidelines are relevant in the marine economy. In fact, it is more straightforward and practical if we focus one specific aspect like marine economies. here let me talk about two points:
The guidelines mention that technology development is crucial in the green transition. It should be mentioned that the highest potential of carbon capture and storage, lies in the ocean. The investment in these sectors, as well as exploring nature-based solution in defending natural disasters should all be considered part of the transition. These technologies related to ocean and nature will eventually benefit us substantially.
The guidelines also outline a policy system required for the transitions. WWF have started to prepare researches that can contribute. We developed a blue taxonomy, which listed the ocean-friendly industries according to China standard, so that administrations could issue favorable policies for these industries. We are now developing a sustainable fishery inventory which looks like a database of commercial projects. In the future, we hope investors can choose sustainable projects from it so that sustainable projects can be funded.
We believe these attempts in sustainable blue economy can contribute to a high-quality development under the guidelines.

Q2: How can China develop the building of a global ecological civilization and more importantly deepen its participation in worldwide environmental governance?

From the perspective of an international organization, I would say that playing active roles in international treaties is a pathway that China can explore in global environment governance.
We have witnessed China’s leadership in adopting Kunming-Montreal global biodiversity framework. China’s acceptance of WTO agreement of fishery subsidy should also be acknowledged. WWF have had several interactions with relevant departments in China on its participation in the Agreement of Port State Measures. China’s positive attitude on this agreement provided us with strong confidence in fighting the global illegal, unreported and unregulated fishery.
Currently, I would mention one specific opportunity, the new plastic treaty in negotiation. Plastic pollution is a global and transboundary issue that affects the world’s ecosystems. China possesses a complete industry chain from plastic production to waste management, which allows it to manage plastic pollution comprehensively from upstream to downstream. We hope that China could demonstrates its ambitions, and shares its experience with other countries, and thus driving the negotiation in a more ambitious and constructive direction.

I appreciate Jin Chengcheng, my colleague, on helping me shape up the expressions on plastic.

Here are the links:
https://weibo.com/tv/show/1034:5067741858824233?from=old_pc_videoshow

https://x.com/China24Official/status/1824080255415734312

图像2024-8-15 21.21.

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A workshop in Hong Kong on ocean accounting

On July 4th, I participated in a workshop on ocean accounting in Hong Kong, hosted by WWF-HK. This workshop was to share some preliminary findings of assessment of ecosystem service in the Greater Bay Area, as well as to listen to Hong Kong conservationists’ opinions on it.

I introduced the two different terms in ocean accounting, stock accounting and flow accounting. The former is the asset value of ocean, like the savings people have in ocean, while the latter is annual ecosystem service production, like the interest people receive from the ocean every year.

The audience were quite active in asking questions and expressing opinions. We discussed on how such accounting can be used in conservation in Hong Kong. As far as I understand from the workshop, Hong Kong government has been collecting high-resolution satellite images and these could be perfectly used for ecosystem service evaluation. However, there are still gaps before high-quality evaluation can be done, including the lack of momentum, the pressure on future comparisons between calculations, the additional funding in implementing such calculations.

We have been studying such accounting in GBA and expect to finish within this year. We hope to demonstrate the methodology and explore further questions that this could answer.

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ESG的「藍海」 – 彭博商業周刊/中文版專訪

几周前接受Bloomberg Businessweek中文版访谈,今天来香港开会,收到了同事Lydia保存的Hard copy。非常感谢她的安排和悉心准备。

访谈里面是我对可持续蓝色经济的真切希望,也是在大尺度上对于海洋保护未来路径的遐想。全文内容请见链接:

View at Medium.com


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2024 Virtual Ocean Week – Internal

During the Virtual Ocean Week 2024 of our global network, I acted as a curator of a session for different countries. I decided to select the mapping exercise of biodiversity hotspots in Yellow Sea in China, as they are straightforward yet can invoke thinking.

The real exercise was done by our local partner (I am not so technical!), using the Systematic Conservation Planning way. The balance between species and habitats is well considered. This happened to be the same way I worked on the Yangtze Basin. Therefore, all my consideration during my previous exercise can be introduced to our ocean colleagues.

Through such virtual gatherings, we feel the power of a large conservation network.

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2024海洋日,接受央广总台环球资讯采访

昨天6月8日海洋日,我接受了中央广播电视总台环球资讯广播的采访,谈论了一下关于海洋保护的事情。原文链接:http://u5a.cn/OstHe

这些是我的回答:
Q:如何理解今年全国海洋宣传日的主题“保护海洋生态系统,人与自然和谐共生”?
A:“共生”本身是一个生物学的概念,指的是生存的时候两者是互利的。第一,人要对于海洋提供益处,是不打扰或者主动地保护修复。海洋对人的益处,我们通常情况下把它称为“海洋生态系统服务”。海洋带给我们最古老的产业——渔业,我们可以从海洋里面获取盐,很多国家有红树林,实际上红树林也是滨海生态系统里面的一个重要的物种,海洋给我们提供了很多物质上的和供给类的服务。第二是调节。海洋是我们全球变暖的缓冲器,红树林其实也能净化污染,减少人们在陆地上所产生的污染对海洋的影响。第三,文化。所有和大海相关的习俗、文艺作品都可以视为是给我们提供的文化服务。我们在休息的时候喜欢去海边度假、去滩涂观鸟,这些都是海洋提供的文化价值。

Q:从世界范围来看全球海洋面临的主要问题和挑战是什么?
A:海水是全球变暖的缓冲器。牛津大学一个研究显示,海洋吸收了人类造成的温室效应里面90%的热量。即使是一点点的升温,也会造成巨大的海洋水体膨胀,这就足以提高海平面,进而危及到我们的沿海地区。海水升温和全球变暖也会加剧冰川融化,海平面的上升的速率就会更高。此外,海洋的水汽所携带的热量,实际上是它动能的来源,海水温度高了,飓风或者台风能量就会变得更大。对于海洋生物而言,海洋温度升高会使含氧量降低,原先适合生活在这里的海洋生物,只能背井离乡,即使能存活下来,也只能勉强度日,情况一多就会造成海洋生态系统的混乱。

Q:海洋垃圾的问题有多严重?
A:2022年世界自然基金会发布报告《塑料污染对生物多样性的影响》,预测如果不立即采取措施,减少塑料生产和使用,那么到2050年全球海洋中的塑料污染将增长4倍,塑料垃圾的总重量会超过鱼类的总重量。同时,在所有已经研究过的海洋物种当中,有88%的物种受到了塑料的负面影响,有2000多种物种栖息地的自然环境受到塑料的污染,估计90%的海鸟和超过一半的海龟的物种摄入过塑料。海洋提供全球50%的氧气,如果整个海洋中的塑料垃圾碎裂成为微塑料之后,就会影响浮游植物,它的光合作用效率就会对整个大气和气候带来影响,这就会直接影响到人类。

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《大海也是我的故乡》第三场:海洋日主题宣传活动

6月8日,我来到深圳图书馆,参加深圳市一个地球自然基金会举办的海洋日主题宣传活动。这其中放映了我自己出镜的主题片,片子主要是对于渔业资源衰退、国内渔民、以及国内积极政策的观察。影片链接:http://u5a.cn/OstHe

除了放映了影片,这场活动还邀请了3位不同背景的演讲嘉宾。王海宁是我在保护湿地时候就熟悉了的资深极地向导探险队员,他是前中国南极科考队员、中山站越冬高空大气物理观测队员。罗璐是
“乐活lulu”主理人,《岛与》杂志执行主编,她作为文艺工作者,分享了渔民父亲的经历和放不下的海洋乡愁。唐晓云是美境自然公民科学项目主管,她介绍了鲎的生物学信息,面临的威胁,以及美境自然通过倡导生态赶海而采取的行动。

前面有些拖堂,我简要介绍了我们的工作,但可惜没有办法按照原计划组织问答。不过现场的听众虽然数量称不上很慢,倒是都认真听讲,坐到了最后。这可能也和图书馆的受众有关吧。

在深圳图书馆楼下的影展也很不错。看起来大概是这样:

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《大海也是我的故乡》第二场:深蓝有光

6月7日,我参加了由亿角鲸主办的《深蓝有光》海洋保护沙龙。

亿角鲸是广受关注的的本地机构。海洋保护的传播质量高,净滩难度大。亿角鲸今年春天与孔祥东大师合作举办了音乐会,之前还做过12小时不间断的潜水直播,以外科手术式的精度割除缠绕珊瑚的幽灵渔网,是业内受尊敬的机构。

我们为沙龙牵线搭桥,展出艺术家席敏的作品——塑料海龟,这个海龟全部由艺术家自己用完或者捡拾的塑料瓶制成,希望能够启发人类将自身生活与海洋塑料污染之间连接起来。

与艺术家席敏的合影

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